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月桂叶精油的3种制备方法比较及应用

Comparison of Three Preparation Methods of Laurel Leaf Essential Oil and Application of the Oil

  • 摘要: 采用超临界CO2萃取、亚临界CO2萃取和水蒸气蒸馏法分别制备月桂叶精油,采用正交试验分别优化超临界CO2和亚临界CO2萃取月桂叶精油工艺条件,采用GC/MS法分析3种精油的化学成分,并进行卷烟加香试验。结果表明:①超临界CO2萃取最佳条件为萃取压力30 MPa、萃取时间1h、萃取温度55℃,月桂叶精油得率为2.37%;亚临界CO2萃取最佳条件为萃取压力20 MPa、萃取时间1 h、萃取温度15℃,月桂叶精油得率为2.16%;二者得率均明显高于水蒸气蒸馏法(1.25%)。②超临界CO2萃取月桂叶精油共检测出66种致香成分,主要为1,8-桉叶油素(16.43%)、a-乙酸松油酯(15.68%)、芳樟醇(12.84%)等;亚临界CO2萃取月桂叶精油共检测出62种致香成分,主要为1,8-桉叶油素(17.22%)、a-乙酸松油酯(16.11%)、芳樟醇(11.84%)等;水蒸气蒸馏月桂叶精油检测出49种致香成分,主要为1,8-桉叶油素(18.39%)、a-乙酸松油酯(15.60%)、芳樟醇(9.60%)等。③超临界CO2和亚临界CO2萃取月桂叶精油在改善香气质、刺激性、余味方面效果相当,且均优于水蒸气蒸馏月桂叶精油。

     

    Abstract: The essential oils extracted from laurel leaf with three methods(supercritical CO2 extraction,subcritical CO2 extraction and steam distillation) were added into cigarettes as a flavor separately.The chemical components in the essential oils were analyzed by GC/MS,and the technical parameters in supercritical and subcritical CO2 extraction were optimized with orthogonal experiments.The results showed that:1) The yield of essential oil reached 2.37% under the optimized parameters of supercritical CO2 extraction,55℃,30 MPa,extracting for 1 hour;the yield of essential oil was 2.16% under the optimized parameters of subcritical CO2 extraction,15℃,20 MPa,extracting for 1 hour.The yield of essential oil extracted by steam distillation was 1.25%.2)66,62 and 49 aroma components were identified in the essential oils obtained by supercritical,subcritical CO2 extraction and steam distillation,respectively;the major components were 1,8-cineole,α-terpinyl acetate,linalool,their proportions in the essential oils by supercritical CO2 extraction were 16.43%,15.68%,12.84%;by subcritical CO2 extraction were 17.22%,16.11%,11.84%;and by steam distillation were 18.39%,15.60%,9.60%,respectively.3) The essential oil obtained by supercritical CO2 extraction were comparable to that by subcritical CO2 extraction,and were superior to that by steam distillation in terms of improving aroma quality and aftertaste and reducing irritancy of cigarette smoke.

     

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