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打孔地膜覆盖对楚雄烟草生长发育和品质的影响

Effects of perforated film mulching on growth and quality of tobacco in Chuxiong

  • 摘要: 为了解决地膜覆盖下烟苗移栽后人工开孔破膜费工耗时和破膜不及时导致的高温高湿蒸苗、烟苗成活率低、烟苗素质差等问题,进行了预打孔白色地膜在烤烟生产上的应用试验。结果显示:与不打孔地膜覆盖比较,楚雄中低海拔烟区膜下烟草移栽配套使用打孔2~3 cm的白色地膜覆盖,移栽至掏苗前14:00时降低膜内温度6℃~13℃,移栽后15 d烟苗成活率提高4.7~7.7百分点,大田生育期缩短9~14 d;烟株早生快发,生长势强,病害发病率低,减少人工破膜开口用工0.5个;烟叶产量和产值分别增加168.90~300.45 kg/hm2、3 244.95~6 517.50元/hm2,经济效益明显。

     

    Abstract: Manual perforation on the film for mulching tobacco seedlings after transplanting is a labor-intensive and time consuming job, and high temperature and humidity would decrease the survival rate of seedlings and deteriorate their quality if the film is not perforated timely. Therefore, an application experiment with perforated white film was conducted on flue-cured tobacco. The results showed that comparing with unperforated film mulching, adopting perforated white film with holes of 2-3 cm in size after transplanting reduced the temperature in film by 6℃-13℃ at 14:00 of each day at the stage from transplanting to seedling removal in Chuxiong middle/low-altitude tobacco-planting areas, increased the survival rate of seedlings by 4.7-7.7 percentage points, shortened the growth period of tobacco in field by 9-14 d, promoted the growth potential and development of tobacco plants with low disease incidence, and decreased manual perforation and film breaking labor by 0.5 labors. The yield and output value of tobacco leaves increased by 168.90-300.45 kg/hm2 and 3 244.95-6 517.50 RMB yuan/hm2, respectively.

     

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