Abstract: In order to selectively reduce phenol and crotonaldehyde in mainstream cigarette smoke, graphene oxide-chitosan composite (GO-CS) was prepared by solution blending first before the suspension liquid of GO-CS was used to coat the surface of cellulose paper. The synthesized GO-CS and the coated cellulose paper were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermal gravimetric analysis. The toxicant reduction performance of the coated cellulose paper was evaluated with a simulation device, and the treated cellulose paper was applied to cigarette in the form of paper-acetate dual-segment filter. The results showed that:1) Graphene oxide was well dispersed in chitosan, the structure of GO-CS composite was uniform and could be successfully loaded on the surface of cellulose paper. 2) When the mass fraction of graphene oxide in GO-CS was 10% and the coating rate was 2.4±0.2 g/m², the simulated toxicant reduction effect was significant, and the release of phenol and crotonaldehyde in mainstream cigarette smoke was reduced by 37.5% and 31.5%, respectively. 3) Comparing with control cigarette, the release of phenol and crotonaldehyde in mainstream smoke of the test cigarette was reduced by 32.7% and 29.3%, respectively. The overall hazard index of the test cigarette was decreased by 9.1% while the levels of tar, nicotine and the other measured harmful components did not change significantly, and the style and sensory quality of the test cigarette were unchanged.