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流水线分区段烟叶烘烤设备及效果分析

Continuous flue-curing barn and its performance

  • 摘要: 为降低烟叶烘烤成本,实现烟叶工厂化烘烤,在步进式烤房的基础上研制了8隧道30 m流水线烤房。该烤房由装烟区、准备区、烤烟区、降温区和卸烟区5部分组成,其中烤烟区依据干燥要求划分为6个区段,并分别设定温度和相对湿度范围。对烘烤过程中各区段烘烤环境变化进行监测,并对流水线烤房与普通密集烤房的烘烤效果进行对比分析。结果表明:流水线烤房的运行时间为134~146 h,温湿度以及风速的变化均能够满足烟叶烘烤需求;与密集烤房相比,流水线烤房烟叶的鲜干比略有减小,烤后烟叶的橘色烟比例显著增加;中部叶与上部叶的均价分别提高1.36和1.13元/kg,提高幅度6.04%和5.08%;烘烤工效分别提高23.1和25.8 kg/(工·日),烤烟能耗分别减少0.18和0.07元/kg干烟叶。流水线烤房实现了热量的多级高效利用,能够满足烟叶烘烤过程中各时期的需求。

     

    Abstract: In order to reduce the cost of tobacco flue-curing, an 8-tunnel 30 m continuous flue-curing barn was developed on the basis of stepping flue-curing barn. The developed barn was composed of tobacco loading, preparing, flue-curing, cooling and tobacco unloading sections. The flue-curing section was divided into 6 sub-sections dependent on curing requirements, and the temperature and relative humidity in each sub-section were separately set and monitored during curing. The curing results were compared with conventional bulk barn. The results showed that the running time of continuous flue-curing barn was in the range of 134-146 h, and the variations of temperature, relative humidity and air velocity in the barn met the curing requirements. Comparing with bulk curing barn, the fresh/dry tobacco weight ratio decreased slightly, the proportion of orange leaves significantly increased; the average prices of middle leaves and upper leaves raised by 1.36 RMB yuan/kg (6.04%) and 1.13 RMB yuan/kg (5.08%), the curing efficiencies promoted by 23.1 and 25.8 kg/day per worker, the energy consumption reduced by 0.18 and 0.07 RMB yuan/kg dry leaves, respectively. Continuous flue-curing barn achieves efficient heat utilization and satisfies the requirements in each curing stage.

     

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