Abstract: In order to prepare e-liquids for electronic cigarettes with characteristic flavor style, the pyrolytic behavior of Chinese chestnut was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis. Chinese chestnut sample was pyrolyzed in a furnace-type pyrolyzer, its pyrolytic products under different conditions were analyzed by GC/MS. Total amount of Chinese chestnut pyrolytic products and oxygen-containing heterocyclic compounds were optimized by varying the pyrolytic conditions, and the flavoring effect of the pyrolytic products on e-cigarette was evaluated. The results indicated that:1) Chinese chestnut displayed a three-step degradation process, and stage Ⅱ at around 130℃-380℃ was the primary decomposition process with the weight loss of 64.69%. 2) 33 aroma compounds were identified in Chinese chestnut pyrolytic products, including 12 oxygen-containing heterocyclic compounds, such as furfural, furanmethanol and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. 3) The optimized pyrolytic conditions with the highest yield of oxygen-containing heterocyclic compounds were:pyrolytic temperature at 240℃, pyrolytic time of 10 min, and the sample moisture content at 10.30%. 4) When the pyrolytic products of Chinese chestnut were added into an e-liquid, the aerosol of e-cigarette presented burnt-sweetness and roast scents.