Abstract: In order to investigate the effect of different cigarette materials on the release of crotonaldehyde in mainstream cigarette smoke, a uniform experimental design method was utilized to assess the influence of seven cigarette material variables:tipping paper permeability, cigarette paper permeability, plug wrapper permeability, filter tow specification at the tobacco end, filter tow specification at the mouth end, two biological additives in the filter rods. The results showed that:1) The regression function, using crotonaldehyde yield as the dependent variable and the seven material parameters as the independent variables, resulted in a good fit with statistical significance and a strong explanatory power. 2) The crotonaldehyde yield had a positive correlation with the cigarette paper permeability, the amount of additive B squared, the interactions between the filter tow specification at the mouth end and the additive B, the tipping paper permeability and the filter tow specification at the mouth end, the filter tow specification at the mouth end and the additive A. The amount of crotonaldehyde released was in a negative correlation with the tipping paper permeability and the filter tow specification at the tobacco end, the plug wrapper permeability and the filter tow specification at the tobacco end, the cigarette paper permeability and the additive A, the cigarette paper permeability and the additive B, between the tipping paper permeability and the additive B. 3) In terms of the effect of single variables, the magnitude of effects in a descending order was:the additive B > the cigarette paper permeability > the tipping paper permeability > the filter tow specification at the mouth end > the filter tow specification at the tobacco end > the additive A > the plug wrapper permeability.