Abstract: In order to make good use of tobacco stalks in paper-making process reconstituted tobacco industry, the chemical composition, fiber morphology and biological structure of tobacco stalks from Sichuan were analyzed with the raw material analyzing methods for pulp/paper making and tobacco chemistry analysis methods. The results showed that:1) The contents of ash, cold-water extractives, hot-water extractives, 1% NaOH extractives, benzene-ethanol extractives, and pectin in tobacco stalks were much lower than those in tobacco stems and scrapes, however they were higher than those in conventional fiber materials of paper making; while the contents of holocellulose, nitric acid-ethanol cellulose, lignin and pentosan in tobacco stalks were much higher than those in tobacco stems and scrapes, and close to those in materials from hardwood or gramineae. 2)The contents of total sugar, reducing sugar and total alkaloid in tobacco stalks were lower than, while total nitrogen and protein contents were comparable to those in tobacco stems and scrapes. 3) The weight-average fiber length, width, ratio of length to width, ratio of wall to cavity, flexible coefficient and fiber cell content of tobacco stalk were 0.69 mm, 17.74 μm, 38.97, 0.68, 69.9 and 71.5%, respectively. 4)The biological structure of tobacco stalks:the cell types of xylem included vessel, xylem ray and fiber, was similar to that of hardwood material.