Abstract: To research the relationship between mineral elements and the occurrence of tobacco mosaic disease, the incidence and index of tobacco mosaic disease in 4 500 tobacco plants were investigated via a field experiment. The yield, major agronomic traits and mineral nutrient element contents of vigorous and infected tobacco plants were analyzed. The results showed that:1) Comparing with vigorous plants, the agronomic traits (the dry weight of leaves and stalk, plant height, leaf area, SPAD value, etc.) of infected plants decreased significantly. The dry weight of tobacco leaves negatively correlated to the incidence and indexes of tobacco mosaic disease. 2) Except for Fe and Al, the amounts of macro elements (C, N, P and K) and medium/trace elements (Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, B and Mn) absorbed by vigorous plants were higher than those by infected plants. The K content in vigorous plants was higher than that in infected plants, while the contents of C, N, P, Fe and Al were on the contrary. 3) The incidence and index of tobacco mosaic disease positively correlated to N content in tobacco leaves, and negatively correlated to C/N ratio. Therefore, to control tobacco mosaic disease in Yuxi tobacco-plant areas in Yunnan, it is recommended that the imbalanced proportion between N, P and K in tobacco-planting soils caused by the excessive N supply in preceding vegetable production and the K supply in K deficient fields were the noticeable factors.