Abstract: A novel tobacco heating product (THP1.0) that heats tobacco below 245℃, is described. It is designed to eliminate tobacco combustion, while heats tobacco to release nicotine, tobacco volatiles and glycerol to form its aerosol. Recently, a series of preclinical studies have been published on THP1.0. This mini-review summarises the main findings and highlights the research areas for further consideration. The key findings are:1) THP1.0 produces its aerosol mainly by evaporation and distillation, and not by combustion or pyrolysis. A validation process is proposed which may be used to check the heating-not-burning characteristics of a THP product. 2) In comparison with 3R4F mainstream smoke, toxicant levels in the THP1.0 emissions are significantly reduced using a range of regulatory proposed cigarette smoke toxicant lists. 3) Using total particulate matter and whole aerosol from 3R4F cigarette and THP1.0, in vitro mutagenicity, cytotoxicity and tumour-promoting activities are significantly reduced in THP1.0. 4) In a puffing topography study conducted in Japan, mouth level exposure and average daily consumption of Japanese consumers using THP1.0 are found to be significantly lower when using THP1.0. 5) No consumer lip blocking while using THP1.0 is found in the consumer study. These results serve as a part of broad scientific evidence pack to assess the harm reduction potential of THP1.0.