Abstract:
In order to assess the risks of atmospheric metal deposition in tobacco heavy metal enrichment and clarify the main sources of heavy metals in tobacco leaves, film mulching (M:mulching, CK:non-mulching) and Ti element correlation analysis was used to study the effects of atmospheric deposition and the accumulation of six heavy metals in tobacco leaves from typical tobacco fields (general farmlands, farmlands near a highway, and farmlands near a factory or a mine) with different environmental pollution and ecological types in Huanghuai tobacco-planting areas. The results showed that:1) Heavy metal contents in upper leaves from different ecological areas significantly differed. In the fields near a factory or a mine, the levels of Cr, As and Pb in tobacco were higher, and the risk degree was in the order of Pb > As > Cr. The contents of Ni and Cd in upper leaves from the fields near a highway were significantly higher than those near a factory or a mine and general farmlands (
P < 0.05). 2) Film mulching could significantly reduce the risk of heavy metal pollution in upper leaves. Under M treatment, the contents of the six heavy metals in upper leaves from general farmlands, farmlands near a highway and farmlands near a factory or a mine were lower than CK with an average decrease extent of 37.2%, 24.8% and 41.4%, respectively. 3) The contents of the heavy metals in middle leaves were significantly higher than those in upper leaves. Under the CK treatment, the contents of the six heavy metals in middle leaves averagely increased by 29.7%-49.5% comparing with those in upper leaves. 4) The average contribution rates of atmospheric deposition to Cr, As and Pb in upper leaves were 80.82%, 72.92% and 73.09%, respectively. Therefore, it is necessary to select suitable ecological areas for tobacco planting to reduce the effects of atmospheric deposition of heavy metals in tobacco leaves.