Abstract: To improve the delivery and stability of aroma components and nicotine in e-liquids used in e-cigarettes during puffing and to extend e-liquids' shelf life, four β-cyclodextrin-based microcapsules were made by using four target flavor materials, ethyl caproate, menthol, tobacco flavor and nicotine, separately. The prepared materials were characterized by a particle size analyzer, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analyzer, differential scanning calorimetry, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. These four kinds of microcapsules were applied to e-liquids, and then the e-cigarettes were tested on puff-by-puff deliveries of aerosol during puffing and to estimate their encapsulation stability and sensory quality. The results showed that:1) The successful formation of the stable inclusion complexes between the four core materials and β-cyclodextrin outer shell was confirmed. 2) With the proceeding of puffing, the deliveries of aroma components and nicotine from per unit aerosol of the control group (which contained the same quantities of e-liquids without microcapsule core materials) decreased, while those from the experimental groups increased. With the extended encapsulation, the deliveries of the aroma components per unit aerosol of e-cigarettes decreased more slowly in the experimental group compared with the control group, and the nicotine delivery stability of the experimental group was better than the control group. 3) The sensory quality of microcapsule e-liquids was better than that of the control e-liquids.