Abstract: In order to clarify the weed species and community characteristics and effectively control weeds in central Henan tobacco fields, a systematic survey on weeds in central Henan tobacco fields was conducted. The results showed that: 1) There were 34 weed species belonging to 16 families. The species of Compositae was maximum (accounted for 26.47%), followed by those of Gramineae (accounted for 14.71%). 2) At the rosette stage of tobacco plants, there were 29 weed species; in which, Amaranthus retroflxus and Convolvulus arvense were the dominant ones, and their relative abundances were 88.96% and 56.96%, respectively. Acalypha australis, Portulaca oleracea, Eleusine indica, Phsalis minima, Setaria virdis, Cyperus rotundus, Euphorbia humifusa, Cephalanoplos segetum, Eclipta prostrata and Digitaria sanguinalis were relatively dominant weeds, and their relative abundances ranged from 11.50% to 32.98%. 3) At the mature stage of tobacco plants, there were 32 weed species; in which, Amaranthus retroflexus, Eleusine indica and Portulaca oleracea were dominant, and their relative abundances were 75.91%, 60.74% and 59.30%, respectively. Setaria virdis, Acalypha australis, Phsalis minima, Euphorbia humifusa, Eclipta prostrota and Cyperus rotundus were relatively dominant ones, and their relative abundances ranged from 11.41% to 30.30%.