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不同植物材料对烟草甲的引诱效果分析

Attractiveness of different plant materials on Lasioderma serricorne (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Anobiidae)

  • 摘要: 为了减少烟草加工、贮存、流通等环节中烟草甲虫的为害,以10种具有不同特征气味的植物样品(辣椒、花椒、陈皮、香叶、白豆蔻、甘草、当归、白芷、罗汉果和绿茶)为材料,采用昆虫四臂嗅觉仪进行植物材料粉末及其提取物(甲醇、乙醇、正己烷单一溶剂提取物及甲醇正己烷、乙醇正己烷组合溶剂提取物)对烟草甲成虫引诱活性的试验。结果表明:辣椒、罗汉果、白芷、绿茶粉末对烟草甲成虫的引诱活性较高,引诱指数均达45%以上。在这4种植物材料单一溶剂提取物中,辣椒正己烷提取物、绿茶乙醇提取物的作用效果较好,引诱指数在40%以上。在植物组合溶剂提取物中,辣椒两种组合溶剂提取物均表现显著引诱效果,引诱指数分别为56.42%和67.46%,明显高于单一溶剂提取物;绿茶和罗汉果乙醇正己烷提取物的引诱活性优于甲醇正己烷提取物,也优于其单一溶剂提取物。

     

    Abstract: To reduce the damage caused by Lasioderma serricorne during tobacco processing, storage and transport, 10 different types of plants (red chili, Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim, orange peel, myrcia, Amomum kravanh, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Angelica sinensis, Angelica dahurica, Momordica grosvenorii, green tea) with their characteristic odors were used to study the attractive activity of plant material powders and their extracts (single solvent extracts of methanol, ethanol, n-hexane and combined solvent extracts of methanol n-hexane, ethanol n-hexane) to L. serricorne adults using a four-arm insect olfactometer. The results showed that the powder of red chili, Momordica grosvenorii, Angelica dahurica and green tea had better attractive activity to L. serricorne adults with more than 45% attractive index. Among the single solvent extracts of the above 4 plant materials, the extract from red chili with n-hexane and the extract from green tea with ethanol had better attractiveness with the attractive index over 40%. Among the combined solvent extracts, the attractiveness of two extracts from red chili with combination solvents reached 56.42% and 67.46% respectively, which was significantly higher than the single solvent extracts. The attractive activities of green tea and Momordica grosvenorii extracts with ethanol n-hexane were better than those with methanol n-hexane and those with the single solvent.

     

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