Abstract: In order to investigate the effects of applying high-carbon-based fertilizer combined with Trichoderma viride on aroma quality of flue-cured tobacco, field experiments were conducted on flue-cured tobacco cv. ZY 100 in Xuchang City, Henan Province using a single factor randomized block design. The results showed that, compared with CK, the application of high-carbon-based fertilizer or combined application of Trichoderma viride and high-carbon-based fertilizer significantly increased the petroleum extract content in flue-cured tobacco by 11.11% and 27.51% respectively. The contents of chlorogenic acid, scopoletin, rutin and total polyphenols under the combined application treatment increased by 43.84%, 41.38%, 79.17% and 53.76% respectively. The contents of malic acid, palmitic acid and total organic acid in flue-cured tobacco also increased significantly under the combined application. The total contents of carotenoid catabolites, neophytadiene, products of browning reaction, and aroma components under the combined application increased by 25.17%, 37.78%, 21.70% and 36.78% respectively. Thereby, the combined application of high-carbon-based fertilizer and Trichoderma viride had positive effects on the improvement of aroma constitutions and may improve the aroma quality of flue-cured tobacco.