Abstract: Based on gas chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-QTOF MS), a database for 127 important aldehyde and ketone aroma components in tobacco and tobacco additives was established. The database collected the high resolution mass spectra, retention indexes and exact relative molecular masses for all the above compounds. The accurate quantitative analysis for the 127 compounds was developed by optimizing GC-QTOF MS conditions, and the developed method was characterized systematically. The samples of 15 domestic cigarette brands were analyzed using this method. The results showed that:1) The accurate mass errors of the data collected by GC-QTOF MS were all less than 2 mDa. Compared with traditional GC-MS method, the qualitative results were more accurate using the database. 2) When mass extraction window was 5 mDa, the sensitivity could be improved by removing interfering ions. 3) The developed method presented good linear relationships (r²>0.99) for the 127 aldehydes and ketones. The limits of quantitation (LOQs) of 95 compounds were in the range of 6-100 μg/kg, and the average recoveries for all the targets were in the range of 61.8%-132.6% at three spiked levels. The inter-day precisions (n=6) of 115 compounds were less than 10%. 4) This method was suitable for analyzing the aldehyde and ketone aroma components in cut tobacco of cigarettes. In total, 63 aroma components, including 22 aldehydes and 41 ketones, were detected in the tested samples of the 15 cigarette brands