Abstract:
In order to understand the nicotine dependence scales relating to smokeless tobacco and nicotine gum products, the preparation considerations and psychometric characteristics of the existing dependence scales were reviewed by examining their preparation methods and suitable characteristics of the two types of nicotine products. According to the literatures, there have been 10 different scales related to smokeless tobacco products and 5 related to nicotine gum. In terms of their preparation considerations, most of the scales were established on the basis of the cigarette dependence test via product substitution and/or item addition/deletion. In terms of measurement characteristics, the reliability of the scale showed an upward trend. The scales adapted from highly reliable or newly developed cigarette scales appeared to have a higher homogeneity reliability. With regard to validity, the scales adapted based on FTQ and FTND showed correlation with biochemical indicators, while most of the newly established scales were related to psychological or using indicators. In order to improve psychometric characteristics, the development of scales in the future could refer to the established method of highly reliable scales of general type and supplement items relating to multiple validity indicators and consumption features of the products.