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基于香气活性值的福建尤溪烟叶提取物香气特征成分分析

Characteristic aroma components in tobacco extracts from Youxi based on odor activity value

  • 摘要: 为探究福建尤溪烟叶提取物中香韵特征成分及其对香韵的贡献,采用全二维气相色谱-飞行时间质谱联用仪(GC×GC-TOF MS)对烟叶提取物致香成分进行了定性分析,确定了35种主要致香成分并按香气特征分为7种香韵特征赋予组群,采用内标标准曲线法测定了其在烟叶提取物中的浓度,计算了相应的香气活性值(OAV),比较了各香韵特征成分对各香韵特征的贡献,通过卷烟加香评吸实验考察了烟叶提取物及其香韵特征成分复配物在卷烟中的应用效果。结果表明:①在烟叶提取物中,10种清香、2种青滋香、3种果香、6种花香、5种焦甜香、4种辛香和4种豆香特征成分的总量分别为56.71、0.88、3.83、23.85、17.84、10.76和14.48 μg/mL,其中6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮、香叶基丙酮、二氢猕猴桃内酯、己醛、苯甲醇、2-乙酰基吡咯、糠醛、2(5H)-呋喃酮、4-乙烯基愈创木酚、γ-丁内酯和4-甲基苯乙酮在各自香韵中的质量分数较高。②基于OAV分析,在彰显各自香韵特征中起重要作用的致香成分有β-大马酮和β-二氢大马酮(清香)、顺-3-己烯醛和反,顺-2,6-壬二烯醛(青滋香)、己醛(果香)、苯乙醛和β-紫罗兰酮(花香)、甲基环戊烯醇酮和麦芽酚(焦甜香)、愈创木酚和4-乙烯基愈创木酚(辛香)和4-甲基苯乙酮(豆香)。③基于OAV的烟叶提取物香韵特征组群分析,显示其香韵风格是清香为主,辅以花香、青滋香、果香、焦甜香、辛香和豆香等香韵,与文献报道的福建尤溪烟叶香韵风格基本吻合。④烟叶提取物香韵特征成分复配物能较好体现清甜香、蜜甜香和花香的香韵特征,并提高卷烟抽吸品质。

     

    Abstract: In order to explore the aroma characteristic components in extracts of tobacco leaves from Youxi, Fujian Province, and their contribution to smoke aroma note, the aroma components in the extracts were qualitatively analyzed by two-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOF MS). A total of 35 aroma components were identified and divided into 7 groups according to their aroma characteristics. The concentrations of the above components in the leaf extracts were determined by an internal standard curve method, and their odor activity values (OAVs) were calculated. The contribution degrees of the aroma characteristic components to the corresponding aroma characteristics were compared. The applications of the extracts and their combinations in cigarettes were investigated by sensory evaluation. The results showed that:1) The total of 10 fresh scents, 2 green scents, 3 fruity scents, 6 floral scents, 5 burnt-sugar scents, 4 spicy scents and 4 bean scents were measured at 56.71, 0.88, 3.83, 23.85, 17.84, 10.76 and 14.48 μg/mL in the extracts respectively. Among them, the contents of 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, geranyl acetone, dihydroactinidiolide, hexanal, benzyl alcohol, 2-acetylpyrrole, furfural, 2(5H)-furanone, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, γ-butyrolactone and 4-methylacetophenone were stronger in their corresponding aroma characteristics. 2) Based on OAV analysis, the aroma components that played important roles in highlighting their corresponding aroma characteristics were β-damascenone and β-damascone for fresh scent, cis-3-hexenal and trans, cis-2, 6-nonadienaldehyde for green scent, hexanal for fruity scent, benzaldehyde and β-ionone for floral scent, methylcyclopentenolone and maltol for burnt-sugar scent, guaiacol and 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol for spicy scent, and 4-methylacetophenone for bean scent. 3) The aroma characteristic groups based on the OAV analysis indicated that the aroma style of the extracts were mainly fresh scent, accompanied by floral, green, fruity, burnt-sugar, spicy and bean scents, which were consistent with the reported aroma style of Youxi tobacco leaves. 4) The combinations of aroma characteristic components of the tobacco leaf extracts could well reflect the fresh, honeysweet and floral scents, and improve the smoking quality of cigarettes.

     

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