Abstract: In order to explore the natural breeding potential of Aphidius gifuensis by using aphids in wheat fields and to establish the inter-regional aphid prevention and control, wheat aphids occurred naturally in the fields were taken as sample objects, A. gifuensis were released in wheat fields at different population densities, and the parasitism rate of A. gifuensis in wheat aphids, aphid reduction rate, the control efficiency of A. gifuensis on wheat aphids and wheat yield indexes with the release of A. gifuensis, chemical agent treatments and the blank control were investigated and analyzed. The results showed that, when the average population density of wheat aphids reached 300 per 100 plants, releasing 90 000 A. gifuensis per hectare could control wheat aphid damage very well; on the 20th day after the releasing of A. gifuensis, the parasitism rate of A. gifuensis in wheat aphids was 73.94%, the control efficiency of A. gifuensis on wheat aphids was over 86%, which was equivalent to that of chemical pesticides. The natural enemies in wheat fields were well protected by the release of A. gifuensi, and the average yield increased 15.1%. Therefore, A. gifuensis could effectively control wheat aphids, increase the population of natural A. gifuensis in wheat fields and reduce the cost of biological control for Myzus persicae in tobacco fields.