Abstract: The development of liver, intestine, lung and other organ chips and multi-organ chip models were summarized in this paper. The chip design and specific applications of these chip models in drug toxicity assessment and environmental toxicological evaluations were introduced emphatically, and the existing researches and application potentials of organ chips in the risk assessment of tobacco products were also discussed. This work provides the insights and ideas for the application of microfluidic organ chips in in vitro toxicological studies of tobacco products and other environmental exposures. In vitro toxicology evaluation plays an important role in the health risk assessment of tobacco products, the simulation of the physiological microenvironment and biological function in organ chips is of great significance in the construction of in vitro models. The application of microfluidic organ chips to in vitro toxicology of tobacco products could provide an innovative experimental platform for studying the formation mechanisms of tobacco-related diseases, and realize the multi-dimensional life analysis on the micro and nano scales.