Abstract: In order to investigate the influences of carbon rod structure on the temperature field in carbon-heated tobacco products, the distributions of single-dimensional internal temperature field, surface combustion characteristics and carbon rod structures of carbon-heated tobacco products with six different carbon rod structures (solid, 1 internal hole, 4 internal holes, 2 external slots, 4 external slots, 4 internal holes + 4 external slots) on the temperature variation of the junction between carbon rod and tobacco materials were analyzed. The influences of the six carbon rod structures on the surface combustion temperature were obtained by using an infrared thermal imaging technique. The results showed that: 1)The combustion rate of carbon rod increased with the increase of the number of holes or slots. The internal temperature of the carbon-heated tobacco products with a carbon rod having one or more internal holes was higher than that with a carbon rod having one or more external slots. 2)When the carbon rod structure was solid, the internal temperature of carbon-heated tobacco product presented a downward temperature peak during puffing. 3)Specific surface area of the carbon material determined the heat release rate of the carbon heat source. The larger the specific surface area was, the higher the heat release rate would be, and the faster the tobacco section temperature would rise. 4) The holes had an obvious heat accumulation effect, while the grooves had heat dissipation effects. The former could raise the temperature of tobacco section quickly, while the latter showed a small temperature gradient and a more uniform temperature distribution, therefore the internal temperature was relatively low.