基于物联网数据采集技术的河南烟叶烘烤工艺大数据分析
Big data analysis on flue-curing process of tobacco leaves in Henan based on data acquisition via internet of things (IoTs)
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摘要: 为合理优化烟叶烘烤工艺参数, 运用物联网技术采集了河南3个产烟区烘烤温湿度数据, 分析烘烤过程的历时和温湿度指标, 并结合国内外烘烤工艺进行对比分析。结果表明: ①中部和上部烟叶烘烤总时长分别集中在6.5~8.0 d和7.0~8.5 d, 上部烟叶烘烤过程中湿球温度的波动相对较大。②豫西和豫南烟区变黄期、定色期和干筋期时长占烘烤总时长的比例约为40%、35%和25%, 豫中烟区变黄期历时明显较长(占烘烤总时长55%左右)。③各烟区变黄期、定色期和干筋期的主要稳温阶段分别在40~42 ℃、43~48 ℃和61 ℃以上, 变黄后期至干筋期的湿球温度较三段式工艺低1~2 ℃。④相关分析结果显示, 变黄后期~定色中期湿球温度调控与烘烤进程密切相关。结合国内外烘烤工艺, 可适当延长变黄期38 ℃和定色期54 ℃的稳温时间, 合理调控变黄后期至定色期的湿球温度, 避免大幅度波动, 以促进烘烤过程中烟叶内在化学成分的合理转化。Abstract: In order to optimize tobacco flue-curing processing parameters, the temperature and humidity data during flue-curing were collected from 3 tobacco planting areas in Henan by using the technology of IoTs (internet of things). The durations and indexes of temperature and humidity of the curing process were analyzed and compared with flue-curing technologies at home and abroad. The results showed that: 1) The total curing time of middle and upper tobacco leaves was mainly in ranges of 6.5-8.0 days and 7.0-8.5 days respectively, and the fluctuation of wet bulb temperature was relatively drastic during the flue-curing process of upper leaves. 2) The proportions of yellowing, color-fixing and stem-drying durations to total flue-curing time were about 40%, 35% and 25% respectively in south and west Henan, while the yellowing duration in middle Henan was longer, accounting for 55% of the total flue-curing time. 3) The temperatures during yellowing, color-fixing and stem-drying stages were mainly in ranges of 40-42 ℃, 43-48 ℃ and above 61 ℃ respectively. The wet bulb temperature from the late yellowing stage to stem-drying stage of each area was 1-2 ℃ lower than the three-phase curing technology. 4) Correlation analysis indicated that the regulation of wet bulb temperature from yellowing stage to middle color-fixing stage was closely related with the curing process. Considering the flue-curing technology at home and abroad, the durations of yellowing stage at 38 ℃ and color fixing stage at 54 ℃ could be appropriately prolonged, and the wet bulb temperature from late yellowing stage to color-fixing stage should be reasonably regulated to avoid drastic fluctuation, so as to promote the rational transformation of chemical components in tobacco leaves during flue-curing process.
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