Abstract: The oral deposition of main volatile carbonyls in mainstream smoke of 25 cigarette samples was analyzed by using a smoke oral deposition simulator. The results showed that: 1) All of the intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations of the analytical results of volatile carbonyls were less than 15%, and most of them were less than 10%, which demonstrated that the simulator had a good stability in oral deposition analysis of volatile carbonyls. 2) The oral deposition amounts of different volatile carbonyls from high to low were acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, acetone, propionaldehyde, acrolein, butyraldehyde, crotonaldehyde and 2-butanone, in which the deposition amounts of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were significantly higher than those of the other volatile carbonyls. The deposition ratios from high to low were formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde, crotonaldehyde, acrolein, acetone and 2-butanone. 3) There were significant negative correlations between smoke oral irritation and the oral deposition amounts of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde with the correlation coefficients of -0.916 and -0.934 respectively, and P values were both less than 0.01.