Abstract: In order to investigate the effects of thermally conductive fillers on the pyrolysis and smoke release characteristics of tobacco granules under heating and non-combustion conditions, a thermal conductivity tester, a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and a cone calorimeter (CONE) were used to study the influences of thermally conductive fillers of different contents and types on the thermal conductivity, pyrolysis and smoke release of the prepared tobacco granules. The results showed that: 1) With the increase of CaCO₃ powder content, the thermal conductivity of tobacco granules increased. The thermal conductivity decreased slightly due to self-aggregation of the filler when the CaCO₃ addition reached 20%. Whiskers could effectively restrain the self-aggregation of the fillers in the substrate. The effects of SiC on thermal conductivity were more significant than CaCO₃. 2) Compared with the control, the differential thermal gravity (DTG) curve of the tobacco granules shifted towards the low temperature region after adding thermally conductive filler. The higher the thermal conductivity of the filler, the larger the curve shifting range and the higher the maximum weight loss rate were. Under different heating conditions, the DTG curve of the sample with the largest thermal conductivity was always on the low temperature side of the control. With the increase of heating rate, the difference of the pyrolysis characteristic parameters between the sample and the control reduced gradually, and the effects of thermal conductivity difference on the pyrolysis process of tobacco granules lessened. 3) Compared with the control, the initial smoke release rate of the tobacco granules increased after adding thermally conductive filler; the maximum smoke release rate increased with the increase of thermal conductivity, and the smoke release was aggregated. The release rates of CO and CO₂ increased significantly with the increase of the thermal conductivity of the filler, indicating that the pyrolysis degree of tobacco granules was enhanced. However, the promotion of the thermal conductivity could easily cause heat accumulation and tobacco granule combustion.