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烤烟Y2001多腺毛改良株系的创制及抗性分析

Creation and resistance analysis of a high trichome density modified line of flue-cured tobacco Y2001

  • 摘要: 为进一步提高Y2001腺毛分泌物含量(质量分数),采用EMS诱变方法创制了Y2001腺毛发生负调控基因NtCycB2的突变体,并以Y2001为轮回亲本进行连续回交,获得了多腺毛定向改良株系HY2001。对腺毛观察发现,与中烟100相比HY2001表皮毛总密度增加117%,其中长柄和短柄腺毛密度显著提高,而非分泌型表皮毛密度显著降低;与Y2001相比HY2001表皮毛总密度增加77%,其中长柄和短柄腺毛密度显著提高,非分泌型表皮毛密度也有小幅度提高。叶面化学成分分析表明,HY2001与中烟100、Y2001腺毛分泌物组分相同,但分泌物含量显著提高,其中西柏烷二萜含量分别为中烟100和Y2001的3.03倍和1.98倍,蔗糖酯含量分别为中烟100和Y2001的3.43倍和2.63倍;HY2001中二萜合成相关基因NtCBTSNtCYP71D16NtABS及糖酯合成相关基因NtASAT1NtASAT2表达量也有一定的上调。干旱胁迫试验发现,胁迫处理下HY2001植株及叶片萎蔫程度比Y2001减轻,植株抗氧化能力显著提高;黑胫病抗性试验发现,接种疫霉后,HY2001植株茎基部发病程度弱于Y2001,抗病相关基因NtPR1bNthsr203J等表达量均高于Y2001。蚜虫接种试验表明,HY2001对蚜虫的吸引力降低,蚜虫繁殖速度也低于Y2001。可见,HY2001腺毛密度与分泌物含量显著提高,同时干旱、黑胫病及蚜虫抗性增强,在豫中浓香型烟叶产区具有较大的应用潜力。

     

    Abstract: To further increase the mass fraction of glandular trichome secretion of Y2001, a mutant of NtCycB2 gene, which regulates glandular trichome formation, was created by EMS mutagenesis. The mutant was serially backcrossed with Y2001 as the recurrent parent, resulting in the modified line HY2001 with multi-glandular trichome orientation. The observation indicated that the total density of glandular trichomes of HY2001 increased by 117% compared with Zhongyan 100, in which the density of both long stalk and short stalk glandular trichomes increased significantly, while the density of non-glandular trichome type decreased significantly. The total density of HY2001 glandular trichomes increased by 77% compared with Y2001, in which the density of long stalk and short stalk glandular trichomes increased significantly, and the density of non-glandular trichomes increased slightly. The results of the chemical components on the leaf surface showed that the secreted components of HY2001 were the same as those of Y2001 and Zhongyan 100; however, its secretion content was significantly higher, especially the cembranoid diterpene content was 3.03 and 1.98 times as that of Zhongyan 100 and Y2001, and the sucrose ester content was 3.43 and 2.63 times as that of Zhongyan 100 and Y2001, respectively. The expression levels of diterpenoid biosynthesis related genes NtCBTS, NtCYP71D16, NtABS and sugar ester biosynthesis related genes NtASAT1 and NtASAT2 were upregulated in HY2001. The results of the drought stress experiment suggested that compared with Y2001, the wilting degree of HY2001 leaves was less and the antioxidant capacity of HY2001 line was significantly higher under drought stress. After inoculation with Phytophthora parasitica, the infection level of the stalk base of HY2001 plant was lower and the expression levels of resistance related genes NtPR1b and Nthsr203J were higher as compared to Y2001. The results of the aphid inoculation experiment showed that HY2001 was less attractive to aphids and the aphid reproduction rate on HY2001 was lower as compared to Y2001. The density of glandular trichomes and the secretion content of HY2001 increased significantly, and its resistance to drought, aphid and black shank improved. In conclusion, HY2001 has a great potential in tobacco growing areas in the central of Henan Province.

     

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