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卷烟厂储热式热泵系统高效供热试验研究

Experimental study on high-efficiency heating of thermal-storage heat pump system at a cigarette factory

  • 摘要: 为解决卷烟厂生产生活中供热需求突出且能耗大的问题,以A卷烟厂为例,结合空气源热泵技术与相变储能技术构建一种基于直接相变蓄热的热泵系统。该系统可以在夜间利用谷价电驱动热泵将其冷凝热储存到相变材料中(相变材料直接填充在制冷剂冷凝管道周围,使制冷剂与相变材料直接换热,省去中间的换热介质),在白天电价较高时释放相变材料中的潜热用于供暖,并在蓄热过程中利用过冷器的余热进行夜间时段供暖。实验结果表明,制冷剂采用R410A(充注量为2.5 kg),相变材料采用石蜡(填充量为250 kg)时,该热泵系统在蓄热阶段(6.4 h内)的平均制热性能(COP)为3.04,可蓄热约46 kW· h,且蓄热量与蓄热时间成正比;在储热和放热阶段,系统静置12 h后的平均放热功率约为5.2 kW。该技术可为降低卷烟厂的供热能耗和经济成本提供支持。

     

    Abstract: To address the substantial heat demand and high energy consumption associated with production and living in cigarette factories, a heat pump system incorporating direct phase-change thermal storage was developed for cigarette factory A by integrating air-source heat pump and phase-change energy storage technologies. At night, valley-price electricity drives heat pump, and the heat rejected by the condenser is stored in the phase-change material (the phase-change material surrounds the refrigerant condenser tubes, enabling direct refrigerant-to-PCM heat transfer without an intermediate heat-transfer medium). Latent heat stored in phase-change materials was released for heating during the high-electricity-price hours in the daytime, and waste heat from the subcooler was used for heating at nighttime during the heat-storage process. The experimental results showed that, with R410A refrigerant charge of 2.5 kg and a paraffin phase-change material mass of 250 kg, and the mean coefficient of performance (COP) of the heat pump system reached 3.04 during the 6.4 h heat-storage period, the heat-storage capacity was approximately 46 kW·h, and the heat-storage amount was directly proportional to the heat-storage time. At the heat-storage and heat-release stages, the average heat release power of the system after being static for 12 hours was about 5.2 kW. This technology may help reduce the energy consumption and cost of heat supply in cigarette factories.

     

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