Abstract: In order to improve the quality of tobacco leaf, the effect of wheat and rice straw applying back to fields, straw mulch, film mulch and without mulch were compared.The results showed that the proportion of high grade leaves and average leaf prices in wheat straw mulch treatment and the yield and output value in film mulch treatment were the highest.Before the rosette stage, when soil temperature was relative low, the plant with film mulch grew faster due to better heat and moisture barrier ability of the film;however, during fast growing and early harvesting stages, the plant with wheat straw mulch grew faster, followed by that with rice straw mulch.The tobacco leaves with wheat straw applying yellowed earlier, moreover, wheat straw back-applying benefited soil fertility and soil improvement as well.