Abstract: In order to investigate the changes of main neutral aroma components in cut tobacco before and after microwave drying, the cut tobacco was dried by microwave at different output powers and durations, sampled and extracted with SDE. 19 major neutral aroma components in the resultant extracts, including isophorone, keto-isophorone, solanone, and etc., were analyzed with GC. The results showed that: 1) the aroma components in cut tobacco decreased in the first four minutes, and then increased, but were still lower than the control; 2) the total amount of these components reduced to a certain extent as the power of microwave increased, among them, the contents of solanone, β-damascenone, β-damascone and megastigmatrienone fluctuated relatively greatly, while 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, isophorone, keto-isophorone, geranyl acetone and beta-ionone changed a little.