超声超临界流体萃取烟叶中的烟碱

Extraction of Nicotine in Tobacco with Ultrasonic Supercritical CO₂ Fluid

摘要: 考察了夹带剂(75%乙醇)用量、萃取压力、萃取温度、CO₂流量、萃取时间和超声功率密度对超声强化超临界CO₂萃取烟叶中烟碱的影响。结果表明,超声强化超临界流体CO₂萃取烟叶中烟碱的较佳工艺条件为:萃取压力21MPa、萃取温度50℃、萃取时间2.5h、CO₂流量3.0L/h、夹带剂用量4mL/g烟末、超声功率密度100W/L、频率20kHz。在此条件萃取下,烟碱萃取率超过94%。

Abstract: The influences of entrainer(75% alcohol,v/v) dosage,extraction pressure,extraction temperature,CO₂ flow rate,extraction time,ultrasonic power density and ultrasonic frequency on the extraction of nicotine in tobacco with ultrasonic supercritical CO₂ fluid were investigated.The results showed that the appropriate extraction conditions were as follows:extraction pressure 21 MPa,extraction temperature 50℃,extraction time 2.5 hours,CO₂ flow rate 3.0 litres per hour,75% alcohol dosage 4 mL per gram of tobacco powder,ultrasonic power density 100 W/L,and ultrasonic frequency 20 kHz,under which the extraction yield of nicotine was over 94%.