Abstract: According to the principle of hardness testing,the effects of preload,preloading duration and test load on the hardness testing of cigarette and filter rod were studied while keeping other conditions unchanged,and the results of hardness tested by different instruments were compared in order to find out the method for eliminating their differences.The results showed that:1) preloading duration,preload and test load affected the hardness test of cigarette and filter rod to a certain degree,especially for cigarette;2) there existed relations between the results of different instruments,and the result differences were correctable.