Abstract: In order to improve the usability of tobacco stem,the effects of treatments with dilute NaOH and H₂O₂ solution on the filling power,cell wall substance and smoking quality of tobacco stem were tested.The results showed that the optimal treatment conditions were:dipping in solution of 1.0% NaOH and 1.0% H₂O₂ at 70℃ for 1.5 h,under which the contents of cell wall substances,lignin,total nitrogen and total sugar in treated stem decreased by 12.71,2.14,1.24 and 10.28 percentage points,respectively;while stem's moisture content and filling power increased by 4.02 percentage points and 10.34%,and its smoking quality obviously improved.