Abstract: The basic conditions,climate,soil nutrients and tobacco traits of Liangshan tobacco growing area in Sichuan Province were analyzed.The results indicated that:1) the area has a long frost-free period,high accumulated temperature of ≥10℃,and a long period of daily average temperature of ≥20℃.That is an area dotted by mountains,hills and valleys;soil types there include red,purple,yellowish-brown and paddy soils of neutral or weak acidity,and soil 0-60 cm in depth contains less Cl;2) the stronger solar radiation,longer sunshine hours and moderate precipitation are the major ecological factors for the area to produce quality tobacco with rich aroma and taste;3) the soil nutrient contents in Liangshan differ to a certain extent,organic matter and available N are rich,the exchangeable cations contents are moderate in general,though abundant in many medium and minor elements,some soil is deficient in available P and B,proper application of phosphatic fertilizer during early growing stage and boron fertilizer during later growing stage is therefore necessary;4) Liangshan tobacco leaves contain reasonable and harmonious chemical constituents,present good appearance quality and orange color,offer unique flavor style and good smoking quality.