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覆膜栽培对烤烟重金属含量的影响

Effects of Film Mulching on Heavy Metal Contents in Flue-cured Tobacco

  • 摘要: 为探讨烤烟重金属的调控措施,采用大田试验,在重金属Cd,Pb,Hg和Cr复合污染土壤的条件下,研究了覆膜与不覆膜处理对土壤和烤烟中重金属含量的影响。结果表明:覆膜土壤的过氧化物酶、脱氢酶、酸性磷酸酶和脲酶的活性均低于不覆膜;不覆膜处理对下部叶和中部叶重金属治理效果较好;覆膜处理对上部叶重金属的治理效果较好;覆膜处理的烟根干重显著高于不覆膜处理;覆膜后烟根对Cd的吸收能力增强,Hg向腋芽中的迁移量与烟根对Hg的吸收能力均降低,Cr向烟茎中的迁移量与烟根吸收Cr的能力降低;覆膜和不覆膜处理重金属Cd,Pb和Hg在腋芽中积累均较多。因此,可通过调控腋芽量来减少重金属在烟叶中的积累量。

     

    Abstract: To explore the measures for heavy metal control,the effects of film mulching on the contents of heavy metals in soil and flue-cured tobacco leaf were experimented in the field,where the soil was polluted by heavy metals,Cd,Pb, Hg and Cr.The results showed that the activities of peroxidase,dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase and urease in film mulched soil were lower than those in the soil without mulch.The effect of heavy metal control in lower and middle leaves was better in the treatment without mulch,while for upper leaves,film mulching was better.The dry weight of tobacco roots was significantly higher in film mulching treatment than that in treatment without mulch.The film mulching treatment increased root's ability to absorb Cd,lowered the transfer of Hg to suckers and root's ability to absorb Hg,reduced the transfer of Cr to stalk and root's ability to absorb Cr.The accumulation of Cd,Pb and Hg in suckers was higher in both treatments.It implied that the accumulation of heavy metals in leaves could be regulated through sucker control.

     

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