Abstract: In order to develop a natural tobacco flavor,the main volatile components in Cortex Moutan extract were identified by SPME-GC/MS, and the influence of SPME conditions on determination results was investigated. The results showed that:1) the proper SPME conditions were that extract samples were equilibrated at 85℃ for 30 minutes,and headspace micro-extraction with poly(dimethyl-siloxane)PDMS fiber of 100 μm was carried out at 85℃ for 45 min;2)33 volatile aroma components were identified,among which paeonol was a major component with a relative content of 73.77%,and followed by β-sesquiphellandrene (2.65%),α-curcumene(1.83%)and camphor(1.20%). In addition,there were long link terpenes,terpenols, terpenones,cyclic ether oxides,esters and acids as well.