Abstract: The distribution of 5 volatile organic compounds (VOCs, including 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, acrylonitrile, benzene and toluene) between mainstream and sidestream cigarette smoke, affected by cigarette physical indexes (CPIs, including the weight, length, circumference, hardness and draw resistance of cigarette and the ventilation rates of filter and cigarette paper) was investigated with regression analysis and path analysis. The results showed that:1) the distribution ratio of VOCs significantly correlated with CPI by multiple regression relationships. 2) The said ratio was extremely significantly affected by filter ventilation rate, while the effects of other CPIs differed depending on properties of each compound.