Abstract: In order to identify the constituents and functions of the important acidic aromatic components in cigarette mainstream smoke, a method for separating and preparing the important acidic aromatic components by two-level, mid- and high-pressure, liquid chromatography was developed using the particulate matters in mainstream smoke of fine Zimbabwe tobacco leaves as objects. The sensory quality of cigarettes containing each distillate was evaluated. The results showed that:1) The saturation acids, unsaturated acids and aromatic acids obtained with this method were the important acidic aromatic components in mainstream cigarette smoke. 2) The acidic distillates mentioned above could improve cigarette quality obviously. 3) Propenoic acid and 3-butenoic acid, which were only found in cigarette smoke, imparted an obvious influence on the aroma and taste of cigarettes.