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成熟期减少光照时数对豫中烟区烟叶品质的影响

Effects of Reducing Sunshine Hour at Mature Stage on Quality of Tobacco Leaves in Central Henan Tobacco Growing Areas

  • 摘要: 为明确豫中烟区的光照时数与烟叶品质风格的关系及其作用机理,在河南省宝丰县进行了大田建造遮荫棚设置减少烟叶成熟期光照时数试验,研究了不同光照时数对烟叶色素降解、香气物质含量和风格特色的影响。结果表明,与自然光照(不遮光)相比,成熟期减少光照时数1.5和3.0 h时上部和中部烟叶叶绿素a、叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素含量均显著提高;还原糖和总糖含量均显著降低,钾、烟碱和总氮含量均以减少光照时数3.0 h的处理最高;类胡萝卜素降解产物、叶绿素降解产物含量及香气物质含量显著降低;减少光照时数对浓香型烟叶风格影响较小,但烟叶香气量、香气质降低,青杂气加重。成熟期减少光照时数不利于烟叶香气品质的提高和特色的彰显。

     

    Abstract: To investigate the relationship of sunshine hour with the style and quality of flue-cured tobacco in central Henan tobacco growing areas, a field experiment was carried out in Baofeng County, Henan. The effects of sunshine hour on the chlorophyll degradation and contents of aroma components in and style characters of tobacco leaves were studied via artificial shading. The results showed that comparing with natural lighting treatment (without shading), the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid were significantly higher, while the contents of reducing sugar and total sugar were significantly lower; the contents of potassium, nicotine and total nitrogen in leaves of the treatment of reducing sunshine hour by 3 hours were the highest; the degradation products from carotenoid and chlorophyll, and total amount of aroma substances were significantly lower in the leaves of reducing sunshine hour treatments. The effect of reducing sunshine hour on the style character of robust flavor style tobacco was slight, however, the quantity and quality of aroma reduced and greenish offensive odor increased. Therefore, reducing sunshine hour at mature stage was not beneficial to the improvement of aroma quality and the enhancement of style character of tobacco leaves.

     

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