Abstract: In order to study the influences of cigarette materials(including cigarette paper, tipping paper, plug wrapper and filter rod) and expanded cut stem on the maximum burning temperature in cigarette combustion cone and the deliveries of tar, nicotine and seven harmful components(including CO, HCN, NNK, NH₃, BaP, phenol and crotonaldehyde) in mainstream cigarette smoke (MCS), the prediction models for the maximum burning temperature in cigarette combustion cone and the deliveries of tar, nicotine and the seven harmful components were developed with Partial Least Squares(PLA)regression analysis. The results showed that: 1) The content of combustion improver in cigarette paper was the key factor influencing the maximum burning temperature in combustion cone, which tended to decrease with the increase of combustion improver content. 2) The permeability of tipping paper was the main factor affecting the deliveries of tar, nicotine and the seven harmful components in MCS, which tended to decrease with the increase of tipping paper permeability. 3)With the increase of the contents of combustion improver and expanded cut stem, the deliveries of tar, nicotine and the seven harmful components in MCS tended to decrease. It is concluded that properly increasing the permeability of tipping paper, the contents of combustion improver and expanded cut stem could adjust the maximum burning temperature in combustion cone and reduce the deliveries of harmful components in MCS to a certain extent.