Abstract: The effects of relative humidity in curing barn on twenty aroma compounds in burley tobacco and the smoking quality of the tobacco were investigated.The correlation between the twenty aroma compounds and smoking quality was also discussed.The results showed that:1)ketones were more significantly correlative with smoking quality, megastigmatrienone and the total amount of twenty aroma compounds were significantly correlative with smoking quality, and solanone was correlative with scores in sensory test to a certain extent;2)pyrazines and smoking quality showed a more significant negative correlation;3)curing at medium humidity was beneficial to the accumulation of aroma compounds in upper leaves and cutters, especially for cutters, whose contents of major aroma compounds were much higher than those in other leaves cured at other humidity, while the lower leaf was preferably cured at lower humidity.