Abstract: In order to better understand the differences between foreign and domestic oriental tobaccos, the appearance, smoking quality, common chemical composition, and acidic and neutral flavor components of Turkish tobacco AG and domestic oriental tobaccos grown in three major tobacco areas (Yunnan, Xinjiang and Hubei)in China were tested, compared, and analyzed with grey incidence and matter element models.The results showed that 1)the differences in terms of brilliance and size between foreign and domestic oriental tobaccos were significant, while the appearance was similar on the whole;2)the contents of common chemical compositions in the domestic tobaccos were obviously different from those in AG, the contents of nicotine, total nitrogen and protein in AG were the lowest, while the potassium in AG was the highest;3)as for the total neutral aroma components (including neophytadiene) while compared with AG, the tobacco from Yunnan was the closest, followed by tobacco from Hubei and then Xinjiang.And if the neophytadiene was excluded, Hubei tobacco was the closest.This conclusion was mainly agreed with the grey incidence analysis;4)as for the total acidic aroma components, Yunnan tobacco was most similar to AG, especially for isovaleric acid and β-methylvaleric acid, the characteristic aroma components in oriental tobacco, the higher level of these components in Yunnan tobacco implied that Yunnan tobacco supposedly had an obvious style of oriental tobacco, it was evidenced by sensory evaluation and grey incidence analysis;5)as regards panel results, the smoking quality of Yunnan and Hubei tobaccos was closer to AG.This fact agreed with the grey analysis of 39 kinds of aroma components, but not coincided with the matter element analysis;6)there were great differences in the brilliance, size, common chemical compositions, acidic and neutral flavor components and smoking quality between Yunnan and Xinjiang tobaccos although they were within the same cultivar.It may be caused by different climate, geographical conditions and cultural practice.In conclusion, Yunnan and Hubei tobaccos were more similar to AG and Xinjiang tobacco was slightly lower than AG in quality.