Abstract: The achievements and trends of reduction of tar and other harmful components, such as tobacco specific N-nitrosamines, benzoapyrene, free radicals, carbon monoxide, etc. in cigarette smoke at home and abroad in recent years were reviewed. The application of biological material, nanometer material, molecular sieve, low temperature catalyst, new curing technology and low sidestream smoke technology were focused. The current situation in the use of new functional filters, new filter materials, and new additives for filter and/or cigarette was introduced in detail. Several newly developed tobacco processing technologies which efficiently reduced the tar and other harmful components in cigarette smoke were also presented.